Hearing loss in one ear, also known as unilateral hearing loss (UHL) or single-sided deafness (SSD), can stem from various causes. It’s important to identify the root cause to determine the best treatment options. Here’s an overview of the most common reasons for hearing loss in one ear:

1. Sudden Hearing Loss (Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss – SSHL)

Sudden hearing loss in one ear can occur without warning, leaving people feeling disoriented and anxious. The exact cause is often unknown, but it can be related to viral infections, autoimmune diseases, or circulation issues affecting the inner ear. The sudden onset can be alarming, but seeking immediate medical help is crucial to managing the condition.

2. Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Excessive exposure to loud sounds, such as traffic noise, construction, or loud music, can cause hearing damage over time. When the ear’s delicate structures are exposed to high decibel levels, they can become permanently damaged, leading to hearing loss in one ear. Commuters in Kolkata, especially those traveling through busy areas, may be at increased risk of this type of hearing loss.

3. Ear Infections and Blockages

Infections in the ear, such as otitis media or labyrinthitis, can lead to temporary or permanent hearing loss in one ear. Similarly, wax buildup or foreign objects can cause a blockage in the ear canal, preventing sound waves from reaching the eardrum and resulting in muffled hearing. If you’ve had recurring ear infections or noticed a decrease in hearing in one ear, it’s time to get checked.

4. Meniere’s Disease

Meniere’s disease is a chronic condition that affects the inner ear, leading to episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss in one ear. It’s caused by an abnormal buildup of fluid in the inner ear and can lead to permanent hearing loss if left untreated. Symptoms of Meniere’s disease are often cyclical, with periods of worsening followed by relief.

5. Acoustic Neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma)

An acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor that grows on the nerve responsible for transmitting sound signals from the inner ear to the brain. As the tumor presses against the auditory nerve, it can cause gradual hearing loss in one ear, often accompanied by balance issues. Although the tumor is non-cancerous, prompt treatment is necessary to prevent further damage to hearing.

6. Trauma or Injury

Physical trauma to the head or ear can damage the eardrum, middle ear bones, or inner ear structures, leading to hearing loss in one ear. This can happen due to accidents, falls, or blunt force impacts. In such cases, seeking medical attention quickly can help prevent long-term hearing impairment.

7. Age-Related Hearing Loss (Presbycusis)        

While age-related hearing loss typically affects both ears, it can sometimes be more pronounced in one ear. This gradual deterioration of hearing is caused by the natural aging process and changes in the inner ear structures. Even though age-related hearing loss is common, it can still significantly impact communication and quality of life.